7th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
on SPIRITUAL COUNSELLING and GUIDANCE
Although modern psychology has made a significant progress with the emergence of hundreds of approaches in psychotherapy, both the rapid increase in mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety disorder, panic disorder have in the world and the increasing number of unhappy people despite all kinds of opportunities have led to the thought that psychology is not enough to understand people.
When the human perspectives of basic approaches that continue to be effective in psychology from past to the present are examined, it is seen that the psychoanalytic approach has a pessimistic view of the human and considers him/her as a selfish and an anti-social being. It is seen that behavioral approach considers human as a machine regarding him/her as a measurable and an experimental being, while cognitive approach focuses on the mind and does not take the human’s soul and spiritual area of heart into account, humanistic approach, which adopts the self-actualization of the individual, has an optimistic view of the human and takes no notice of his/her negative feelings, thoughts and behaviors.
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